La maîtrise des conjugaisons anglaises est essentielle pour communiquer avec précision à l’oral comme à l’écrit. Contrairement au français, l’anglais possède un système de temps et de modes plus hautement régulé, appuyé sur des auxiliaires et des formes non finies (infinitif, gérondif, participe).
Ce guide présente tous les temps et modes à travers un tableau de conjugaison en anglais, ainsi qu’un résumé des règles de formation pour chacun. Nous prendrons les auxiliaires « to be » et « to have », un verbe régulier et un verbe irrégulier comme exemples. Vous aurez également un exercice pratique pour consolider vos acquis.
Le présent en anglais
Simple Present (Présent simple)
Le present simple sert à décrire des actions habituelles, des vérités générales ou des états permanents.
Règle de formation : Sujet + base verbale (+ -s / -es / -ies à la 3ᵉ personne du singulier).
Personne | To be (irrégulier) | To have (irrégulier) | To walk (régulier) | To go (irrégulier) |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | am | have | walk | go |
You | are | have | walk | go |
He/She/It | is | has | walks | goes |
We | are | have | walk | go |
You | are | have | walk | go |
They | are | have | walk | go |
Present continuous (Présent continu)
Le présent continu exprime une action en cours au moment où l’on parle ou une tendance temporaire.
Règle de formation : Sujet + am/is/are + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | am being | am having | am walking | am going |
You | are being | are having | are walking | are going |
He/She/It | is being | is having | is walking | is going |
We | are being | are having | are walking | are going |
You | are being | are having | are walking | are going |
They | are being | are having | are walking | are going |
Present perfect (Présent parfait)
Le present perfect relie une action passée à son résultat ou son impact dans le présent.
Règle de formation : Sujet + have/has + participe passé.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | have been | have had | have walked | have gone |
You | have been | have had | have walked | have gone |
He/She/It | has been | has had | has walked | has gone |
We | have been | have had | have walked | have gone |
You | have been | have had | have walked | have gone |
They | have been | have had | have walked | have gone |
Present perfect continuous
Le present perfect continuous souligne la durée d’une action commencée dans le passé et toujours en cours.
Règle de formation : Sujet + have/has + been + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | have been being | have been having | have been walking | have been going |
You | have been being | have been having | have been walking | have been going |
He/She/It | has been being | has been having | has been walking | has been going |
We | have been being | have been having | have been walking | have been going |
You | have been being | have been having | have been walking | have been going |
They | have been being | have been having | have been walking | have been going |
Pour compléter votre apprentissage, vous pouvez apprendre toute la conjugaison du verbe « to be » en anglais. C’est le premier verbe indispensable à connaître !
Les temps du passé en anglais
Simple past (Past Simple)
Le past simple relate une action achevée à un moment précis du passé.
Règle de formation : Sujet + participe passé (verbes réguliers : base + -ed).
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | was | had | walked | went |
You | were | had | walked | went |
He/She/It | was | had | walked | went |
We | were | had | walked | went |
You | were | had | walked | went |
They | were | had | walked | went |
Past continuous (Past Continuous)
Le past continuous décrit une action en cours à un moment donné du passé.
Règle de formation : Sujet + was/were + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | was being | was having | was walking | was going |
You | were being | were having | were walking | were going |
He/She/It | was being | was having | was walking | was going |
We | were being | were having | were walking | were going |
You | were being | were having | were walking | were going |
They | were being | were having | were walking | were going |
Past perfect
Le past perfect exprime une action antérieure à une autre action passée.
Règle de formation : Sujet + had + participe passé.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
You | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
He/She/It | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
We | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
You | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
They | had been | had had | had walked | had gone |
Past perfect continuous
Le past perfect continuous insiste sur la durée d’une action antérieure à un repère passé.
Règle de formation : Sujet + had + been + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
You | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
He/She/It | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
We | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
You | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
They | had been being | had been having | had been walking | had been going |
Le futur en anglais
Simple future (Futur simple)
Le futur simple exprime une décision instantanée, une prédiction ou une promesse.
Règle de formation : Sujet + will + base verbale.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
You | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
He/She/It | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
We | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
You | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
They | will be | will have | will walk | will go |
Future continuous
Le futur continu décrit une action qui sera en cours à un moment donné du futur.
Règle de formation : Sujet + will be + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
You | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
He/She/It | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
We | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
You | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
They | will be being | will be having | will be walking | will be going |
Future perfect
Le future perfect exprime une action qui sera achevée avant un instant futur donné.
Règle de formation : Sujet + will have + participe passé.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
You | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
He/She/It | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
We | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
You | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
They | will have been | will have had | will have walked | will have gone |
Future perfect continuous
Le future perfect continuous insiste sur la durée d’une action qui sera accomplie avant un repère futur.
Règle de formation : Sujet + will have been + verbe-ing.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
I | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
You | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
He/She/It | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
We | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
You | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
They | will have been being | will have been having | will have been walking | will have been going |
Le mode impératif en anglais
L’impératif sert à donner un ordre, un conseil ou une invitation.
Formation : Base verbale (2ᵉ personne sing./plur.); + let’s pour la 1ʳᵉ pers. du pluriel.
Forme | Exemple |
(You) be | be! |
(You) have | have! |
(You) walk | walk! |
(Let’s) go | let’s go! |
Le mode conditionnel en anglais
Conditional simple (Conditionnel simple)
Le conditionnel simple exprime une action hypothétique dépendant d’une condition.
Formation : Sujet + would + base verbale.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
Toutes les persones | would be | would have | would walk | would go |
Conditional perfect (Conditionnel passé)
Le conditionnel passé décrit une action hypothétique non réalisée dans le passé.
Formation : Sujet + would have + participe passé.
Personne | To be | To have | To walk | To go |
Toutes les personnes | would have been | would have had | would have walked | would have gone |
Le mode subjonctif anglais
Present subjunctive (Subjonctif présent)
Le subjonctif présent exprime une exigence, un souhait ou une nécessité.
Formation : Base verbale, pour toutes les personnes.
Exemple : It is crucial that he be on time.
Past subjunctive (Subjonctif passé)
Le subjonctif passé exprime une hypothèse irréelle dans le passé.
Formation : Base verbale (if … were) ou participe (rare).
If I were rich, I would travel the world.
Le mode infinitif et les participes
Les formes non finies n’expriment ni le temps ni la personne ; elles complètent la phrase.
- Infinitif (to + base) : to be, to have, to walk, to go
- Present participle (verbe-ing) : being, having, walking, going
- Past participle : been, had, walked, gone
Exercices pour consolider votre compréhension de la conjugaison
Question 1 : « Quel est le passé simple du verbe ‘to eat’ (manger) à la première personne du singulier (I) ? »
Cette réponse est juste car ‘ate’ est la forme correcte du passé simple du verbe irrégulier ‘to eat’. Par exemple : ‘I ate an apple yesterday’ (J’ai mangé une pomme hier).
Cette réponse est fausse. La forme ‘I eating’ est incorrecte. Elle ressemble à une forme du présent continu, mais il manque l’auxiliaire ‘am’. Le passé simple correct est ‘I ate’.
Cette réponse est fausse. ‘Eated’ n’est pas une forme verbale correcte en anglais. Le passé simple correct du verbe ‘to eat’ est ‘ate’.
Question 2 : « Quelle est la forme correcte du présent continu du verbe ‘to read’ (lire) pour la phrase ‘She ______ a book now’ (Elle ______ un livre maintenant)? »
‘She is reading’ est la forme correcte du présent continu. On utilise l’auxiliaire ‘is’ suivi du verbe avec la terminaison ‘-ing’. Par exemple : ‘She is reading a book now’ (Elle est en train de lire un livre maintenant).
‘She read’ est le passé simple du verbe ‘to read’. Bien que grammaticalement correct, cela ne correspond pas au présent continu requis par la phrase.
‘She reading’ est incorrect car il manque l’auxiliaire ‘is’ nécessaire pour former le présent continu.
Question 3 : « Quel est le futur simple du verbe ‘to go’ (aller) à la troisième personne du pluriel (They) ? »
‘They will go’ est correct. Pour former le futur simple, on utilise ‘will’ suivi de la forme base du verbe. Par exemple : ‘They will go to the beach tomorrow’ (Ils iront à la plage demain).
‘They going’ est incorrect. Cette forme ressemble au présent continu, mais il manque l’auxiliaire ‘are’. La forme correcte du futur simple est ‘They will go’.
‘They goes’ est incorrect. ‘Goes’ est la forme du présent simple à la troisième personne du singulier (He/She/It). La forme correcte du futur simple est ‘They will go’.
Question 4 : « Comment conjuguer ‘to do’ au passé simple à la deuxième personne du singulier (You)? »
‘You did’ est la forme correcte du passé simple de ‘to do’. C’est un verbe irrégulier, il faut donc mémoriser sa forme au passé. Par exemple: ‘You did a great job !’ (Tu as fait un super boulot !).
‘You do’ est la forme au présent simple. On cherche le passé simple ici.
‘You are doing’ est la forme au présent continu. On cherche le passé simple ici.
Question 5 : « Quelle est la forme correcte du past participle du verbe ‘to see’ (voir)? »
La forme correcte du past participle du verbe ‘to see’ est ‘seen’. C’est une forme utilisée pour les temps composés comme le présent perfect. Exemple: ‘I have seen that movie’ (J’ai vu ce film).
‘Saw’ est le passé simple du verbe ‘to see’, mais pas le past participle.
‘Seeing’ est le gérondif (forme en -ing), utilisé dans le présent continu, par exemple.
Question 6 : « Comment dit-on ‘Nous avions’ en utilisant le verbe ‘to have’ au passé simple ? »
La traduction correcte de ‘Nous avions’ en anglais est ‘We had’. ‘Had’ est le passé simple du verbe irrégulier ‘to have’. Exemple: ‘We had a good time’ (Nous avons passé un bon moment).
‘We have’ signifie ‘Nous avons’ au présent.
‘We were having’ signifie ‘Nous étions en train d’avoir’.
Question 7 : « Quelle est la forme correcte du verbe ‘to write’ (écrire) au présent simple à la troisième personne du singulier ? »
La forme correcte est ‘He writes’. Au présent simple, on ajoute un ‘-s’ à la troisième personne du singulier (he, she, it). Par exemple: ‘He writes a letter’ (Il écrit une lettre).
À la troisième personne du singulier au présent simple, on doit ajouter un ‘-s’ à la fin du verbe.
‘Writing’ est la forme en -ing du verbe, utilisé pour le présent continu. Il faut l’auxiliaire « is » devant.
Question 8 : « Comment conjuguer le verbe ‘to be’ au futur simple à la première personne du pluriel (We)? »
La forme correcte est ‘We will be’. On utilise ‘will’ suivi de la forme base du verbe ‘be’ pour former le futur simple. Par exemple: ‘We will be happy’ (Nous serons heureux).
‘We are’ est le présent simple du verbe ‘to be’ (Nous sommes).
‘We were’ est le passé simple du verbe ‘to be’ (Nous étions).
Question 9 : « Choisissez la phrase correcte au ‘present perfect’ (passé composé) avec le verbe ‘to travel’ (voyager). »
C’est exact. La structure du ‘present perfect’ est ‘have/has + past participle’. ‘I have traveled to Paris’ se traduit par ‘J’ai voyagé à Paris’.
Cette option est incorrecte car ‘am traveled’ n’est pas une structure grammaticalement correcte pour exprimer le ‘present perfect’.
Bien que cette option utilise l’auxiliaire ‘have’, elle emploie la forme ‘-ing’ du verbe (‘traveling’) au lieu du ‘past participle’, ce qui est incorrect dans cette construction.
Question 10 : « Traduisez cette phrase à l’imparfait : ‘Quand j’étais petit, je jouais au foot’. »
Tout à fait ! ‘Used to’ est la structure appropriée pour exprimer une action habituelle dans le passé. La phrase se traduit par ‘Quand j’étais petit, j’avais l’habitude de jouer au football’.
Bien que cette phrase soit grammaticalement correcte, elle n’exprime pas la notion d’habitude dans le passé comme le fait ‘used to’.
Cette phrase est au présent, et ne correspond pas à la demande.
Débloquez votre potentiel linguistique avec un tableau de conjugaison
En conclusion, le tableau de conjugaison anglais est un outil indispensable pour tout apprenant de la langue anglaise. Il vous permet de comprendre la structure des verbes, de les utiliser correctement et d’éviter les erreurs courantes.
Alors, n’hésitez pas à l’utiliser régulièrement et à vous entraîner pour progresser rapidement. La conjugaison n’aura plus de secrets pour vous !
Pour aller plus loin dans votre apprentissage, découvrez en détail comment conjuguer le prétérit anglais. Et si vous souhaitez un accompagnement personnalisé, n’hésitez pas à découvrir les formations en anglais de Clic Campus.
Organisme de formation certifié Qualiopi, éligible CPF.


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